How acid is produce in Stomach?
Gastric acid or gastric juice is a digestive fluid formed in the stomach and is composed of hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride and sodium chloride. Gastric acid is produced by the cells in the lining of the stomach, which are coupled in feedback systems to increase acid production when needed. These cells also produce mucus, which form a viscous physical barrier to prevent gastric acid damaging the stomach. The main constituent of gastric acid is hydrochloric acid which is produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach. Parietal cells contains an extensive secretory network from which hydrochloric acid is secreted into the lumen of stomach. In the human lumen stomach, the acidity being maintained by the proton pump H+/K+ ATPase. Chloride and sodium ions are actively secreted from cytoplasm of parietal cells into the lumen of canaliculus.
CO2, and Cl- diffuse form the blood into the stomach cell. Within the cell, CO2, combines with H,O, in presence of CA enzyme to form H2CO3. H2CO, dissociates into HCO3(-), and H+. HCO3(-), is absorbed to blood in exchange of Cl- which subsequently diffuse to gastrioc lumen and combines with H+ to form HCl.
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| Fig: acid production in Stomach |
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